2 Maccabees 14

1After three years' time, word reached Judas and his soldiers that Demetrius, the son of Seleucus, had killed Antiochus and Lysias his guardian, then had sailed into the harbor of Tripolis with a powerful army and fleet

μετὰ δὲ τριετῆ χρόνον προσέπεσεν τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ιουδαν Δημήτριον τὸν τοῦ Σελεύκου διὰ τοῦ κατὰ Τρίπολιν λιμένος εἰσπλεύσαντα μετὰ πλήθους ἰσχυροῦ καὶ στόλου

2and taken possession of the country.

κεκρατηκέναι τῆς χώρας ἐπανελόμενον Ἀντίοχον καὶ τὸν τούτου ἐπίτροπον Λυσίαν

3Now there was a certain Alcimus, formerly a high priest, who had willfully defiled himself in the times of social and political disturbance. He realized there was no way for him to live in safety or to approach the holy altar ever again.

Ἄλκιμος δέ τις προγεγονὼς ἀρχιερεύς ἑκουσίως δὲ μεμολυσμένος ἐν τοῖς τῆς ἀμειξίας χρόνοις συννοήσας ὅτι καθ᾿ ὁντιναοῦν τρόπον οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτῷ σωτηρία οὐδὲ πρὸς τὸ ἅγιον θυσιαστήριον ἔτι πρόσοδος

4So he went to King Demetrius sometime in the one hundred and fifty-first year and presented him a crown of gold and a palm branch, as well as some of the customary olive branches from the temple. During that day he remained peaceful.

ἧκεν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα Δημήτριον ὡς πρώτῳ καὶ πεντηκοστῷ καὶ ἑκατοστῷ ἔτει προσάγων αὐτῷ στέφανον χρυσοῦν καὶ φοίνικα πρὸς δὲ τούτοις τῶν νομιζομένων θαλλῶν τοῦ ἱεροῦ καὶ τὴν ἡμέραν ἐκείνην ἡσυχίαν ἔσχεν

5But he seized an opportunity in his own stupidity when he was invited by Demetrius to a session of the council and was questioned about the disposition and intentions of the Jews.

καιρὸν δὲ λαβὼν τῆς ἰδίας ἀνοίας συνεργὸν προσκληθεὶς εἰς συνέδριον ὑπὸ τοῦ Δημητρίου καὶ ἐπερωτηθείς ἐν τίνι διαθέσει καὶ βουλῇ καθέστηκαν οἱ Ιουδαῖοι πρὸς ταῦτα ἔφη

6Thus he said to the council: 'Those of the Jews who are called Hasideans, whose leader is Judas Maccabeus, are maintaining war and stirring up rebellion, and will not allow the kingdom to attain stability.

οἱ λεγόμενοι τῶν Ιουδαίων Ασιδαῖοι ὧν ἀφηγεῖται Ιουδας ὁ Μακκαβαῖος πολεμοτροφοῦσιν καὶ στασιάζουσιν οὐκ ἐῶντες τὴν βασιλείαν εὐσταθείας τυχεῖν

7Wherefore I have set aside my paternal glory—meaning my high priesthood—and now have come here.

ὅθεν ἀφελόμενος τὴν προγονικὴν δόξαν λέγω δὴ τὴν ἀρχιερωσύνην δεῦρο νῦν ἐλήλυθα

8I came here first out of my honest concern for the well-being of the king, and second out of consideration for my own fellow-citizens; for through the rashness of those just mentioned, our entire nation is suffering misfortune.

πρῶτον μὲν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀνηκόντων τῷ βασιλεῖ γνησίως φρονῶν δεύτερον δὲ καὶ τῶν ἰδίων πολιτῶν στοχαζόμενος τῇ μὲν γὰρ τῶν προειρημένων ἀλογιστίᾳ τὸ σύμπαν ἡμῶν γένος οὐ μικρῶς ἀκληρεῖ

9Because you, O king, are acquainted with the details of these things, please take care of our country and our hard-pressed people with the gracious love for mankind that you have for everyone.

ἕκαστα δὲ τούτων ἐπεγνωκὼς σύ βασιλεῦ καὶ τῆς χώρας καὶ τοῦ περιισταμένου γένους ἡμῶν προνοήθητι καθ᾿ ἣν ἔχεις πρὸς ἅπαντας εὐαπάντητον φιλανθρωπίαν

10For as long as Judas is alive, it will be impossible for the government to experience peace.'

ἄχρι γὰρ Ιουδας περίεστιν ἀδύνατον εἰρήνης τυχεῖν τὰ πράγματα

11After he said this, the rest of the king's friends who bore malice against Judas aroused even greater anger in Demetrius.

τοιούτων δὲ ῥηθέντων ὑπὸ τούτου θᾶττον οἱ λοιποὶ φίλοι δυσμενῶς ἔχοντες τὰ πρὸς τὸν Ιουδαν προσεπύρωσαν τὸν Δημήτριον

12Immediately he chose Nicanor, the commander of a squadron of elephants, appointing him governor of Judea.

προχειρισάμενος δὲ εὐθέως Νικάνορα τὸν γενόμενον ἐλεφαντάρχην καὶ στρατηγὸν ἀναδείξας τῆς Ιουδαίας ἐξαπέστειλεν

13He sent him off with the charge to kill Judas, scatter his soldiers, and establish Alcimus as high priest of the great temple.

δοὺς ἐντολὰς αὐτὸν μὲν τὸν Ιουδαν ἐπανελέσθαι τοὺς δὲ σὺν αὐτῷ σκορπίσαι καταστῆσαι δὲ Ἄλκιμον ἀρχιερέα τοῦ μεγίστου ἱεροῦ

14The Gentiles who had fled before Judas throughout Judea joined Nicanor, for they thought the setbacks and calamities of the Jews would bring prosperity to themselves.

οἱ δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς Ιουδαίας πεφυγαδευκότες τὸν Ιουδαν ἔθνη συνέμισγον ἀγεληδὸν τῷ Νικάνορι τὰς τῶν Ιουδαίων ἀτυχίας καὶ συμφορὰς ἰδίας εὐημερίας δοκοῦντες ἔσεσθαι

15The Jews got word of Nicanor's coming and the assault of the Gentiles. So they sprinkled their heads with earth and prayed to Him who establishes His people forever, and always helps His own inheritance by making Himself present.

ἀκούσαντες δὲ τὴν τοῦ Νικάνορος ἔφοδον καὶ τὴν ἐπίθεσιν τῶν ἐθνῶν καταπασάμενοι γῆν ἐλιτάνευον τὸν ἄχρι αἰῶνος συστήσαντα τὸν αὑτοῦ λαόν ἀεὶ δὲ μετ᾿ ἐπιφανείας ἀντιλαμβανόμενον τῆς ἑαυτοῦ μερίδος

16At the command of Judas their leader, they immediately moved the army from there and met the enemy in battle at a village called Dessau.

προστάξαντος δὲ τοῦ ἡγουμένου ἐκεῖθεν εὐθέως ἀναζεύξας συμμίσγει αὐτοῖς ἐπὶ κώμην Δεσσαου

17Simon, the brother of Judas, had encountered Nicanor in battle, but was halted because of the unexpected silence of those adversaries.

Σιμων δὲ ὁ ἀδελφὸς Ιουδου συμβεβληκὼς ἦν τῷ Νικάνορι βραδέως δὲ διὰ τὴν αἰφνίδιον τῶν ἀντιπάλων ἀφασίαν ἐπταικώς

18Nevertheless, when Nicanor heard of the bravery of Judas and his men and their courage in battle for their country, he pulled back from deciding the matter by bloodshed.

ὅμως δὲ ἀκούων ὁ Νικάνωρ ἣν εἶχον οἱ περὶ τὸν Ιουδαν ἀνδραγαθίαν καὶ ἐν τοῖς περὶ τῆς πατρίδος ἀγῶσιν εὐψυχίαν ὑπευλαβεῖτο τὴν κρίσιν δι᾿ αἱμάτων ποιήσασθαι

19So he sent forth Posidonius, Theodotus, and Mattathias to offer and receive pledges of friendship.

διόπερ ἔπεμψεν Ποσιδώνιον καὶ Θεόδοτον καὶ Ματταθιαν δοῦναι καὶ λαβεῖν δεξιάς

20After an extensive investigation of the terms, the leader communicated the terms to the people, and it appeared they were of one mind; and they agreed to the treaty.

πλείονος δὲ γενομένης περὶ τούτων ἐπισκέψεως καὶ τοῦ ἡγουμένου τοῖς πλήθεσιν ἀνακοινωσαμένου καὶ φανείσης ὁμοψήφου γνώμης ἐπένευσαν ταῖς συνθήκαις

21So they set aside a day to meet privately. From each army a chariot came forward, and seats of honor were set in place.

ἐτάξαντο δὲ ἡμέραν ἐν ᾗ κατ᾿ ἰδίαν ἥξουσιν εἰς τὸ αὐτό καὶ προῆλθεν παρ᾿ ἑκάστου δίφραξ ἔθεσαν δίφρους

22Judas appointed battle-ready men at strategic places lest the enemy attempt sudden trickery, but the consultation was held in a fitting way.

διέταξεν Ιουδας ἐνόπλους ἑτοίμους ἐν τοῖς ἐπικαίροις τόποις μήποτε ἐκ τῶν πολεμίων αἰφνιδίως κακουργία γένηται τὴν ἁρμόζουσαν ἐποιήσαντο κοινολογίαν

23Nicanor remained in Jerusalem and did nothing improper, but he dismissed the crowd of people that had gathered.

διέτριβεν ὁ Νικάνωρ ἐν Ιεροσολύμοις καὶ ἔπραττεν οὐθὲν ἄτοπον τοὺς δὲ συναχθέντας ἀγελαίους ὄχλους ἀπέλυσεν

24He also kept Judas in his presence continually, for he was heartily attached to the man.

καὶ εἶχεν τὸν Ιουδαν διὰ παντὸς ἐν προσώπῳ ψυχικῶς τῷ ἀνδρὶ προσεκέκλιτο

25He encouraged him to marry and have children. Thus Judas got married, settled down, and lived a normal life.

παρεκάλεσεν αὐτὸν γῆμαι καὶ παιδοποιήσασθαι ἐγάμησεν εὐστάθησεν ἐκοινώνησεν βίου

26When Alcimus became aware of their goodwill for each other, he took the treaty that was made and went to King Demetrius. He told him Nicanor was disloyal to the government, since he had appointed Judas, the plotter against the kingdom, to be his successor.

ὁ δὲ Ἄλκιμος συνιδὼν τὴν πρὸς ἀλλήλους εὔνοιαν καὶ τὰς γενομένας συνθήκας λαβὼν ἧκεν πρὸς τὸν Δημήτριον καὶ ἔλεγεν τὸν Νικάνορα ἀλλότρια φρονεῖν τῶν πραγμάτων τὸν γὰρ ἐπίβουλον τῆς βασιλείας Ιουδαν αὐτοῦ διάδοχον ἀναδεῖξαι

27The king became enraged. Provoked by the false accusations of that depraved man, he wrote to Nicanor that he was most displeased with the treaty and ordered him to send Maccabeus as a prisoner to Antioch at once.

ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς ἔκθυμος γενόμενος καὶ ταῖς τοῦ παμπονήρου διαβολαῖς ἐρεθισθεὶς ἔγραψεν Νικάνορι φάσκων ὑπὲρ μὲν τῶν συνθηκῶν βαρέως φέρειν κελεύων δὲ τὸν Μακκαβαῖον δέσμιον ἐξαποστέλλειν εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν ταχέως

28When this message reached Nicanor, he was upset and very grieved that he had to break the agreement when the man had not done wrong.

προσπεσόντων δὲ τούτων τῷ Νικάνορι συνεκέχυτο καὶ δυσφόρως ἔφερεν εἰ τὰ διεσταλμένα ἀθετήσει μηδὲν τἀνδρὸς ἠδικηκότος

29But since he could not act in opposition to the king, he watched for a strategic opportunity to carry out the command.

ἐπεὶ δὲ τῷ βασιλεῖ ἀντιπράττειν οὐκ ἦν εὔκαιρον ἐτήρει στρατηγήματι τοῦτ᾿ ἐπιτελέσαι

30Maccabeus noticed that Nicanor was becoming more harsh in his treatment of him and more rude when they met than was customary. Judas decided Nicanor's sour behavior was not at all propitious, so he gathered up a good number of his men and hid from him.

ὁ δὲ Μακκαβαῖος αὐστηρότερον διεξαγαγόντα συνιδὼν τὸν Νικάνορα τὰ πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ τὴν εἰθισμένην ἀπάντησιν ἀγροικότερον ἐσχηκότα νοήσας οὐκ ἀπὸ τοῦ βελτίστου τὴν αὐστηρίαν εἶναι συστρέψας οὐκ ὀλίγους τῶν περὶ αὐτὸν συνεκρύπτετο τὸν Νικάνορα

31When Nicanor realized he had been boldly outmaneuvered by the man, he went to the great and holy temple and found the priests offering the customary sacrifices. He commanded them to hand him over.

συγγνοὺς δὲ ὁ ἕτερος ὅτι γενναίως ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἐστρατήγηται παραγενόμενος ἐπὶ τὸ μέγιστον καὶ ἅγιον ἱερὸν τῶν ἱερέων τὰς καθηκούσας θυσίας προσαγόντων ἐκέλευσεν παραδιδόναι τὸν ἄνδρα

32They declared under oath they did not know the whereabouts of the man he sought.

τῶν δὲ μεθ᾿ ὅρκων φασκόντων μὴ γινώσκειν ποῦ ποτ᾿ ἔστιν ὁ ζητούμενος

33So Nicanor stretched out his right hand toward the temple and swore this oath: 'If you will not hand over Judas to me as a prisoner, I will raze this shrine of God to the ground, destroy the altar, and erect at this place a splendid temple to Dionysus.'

προτείνας τὴν δεξιὰν ἐπὶ τὸν νεὼ ταῦτ᾿ ὤμοσεν ἐὰν μὴ δέσμιόν μοι τὸν Ιουδαν παραδῶτε τόνδε τὸν τοῦ θεοῦ σηκὸν εἰς πεδίον ποιήσω καὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον κατασκάψω καὶ ἱερὸν ἐνταῦθα τῷ Διονύσῳ ἐπιφανὲς ἀναστήσω

34After he said this, he departed. Then the priests reached out their hands to heaven, calling upon the everlasting Defender of our nation, saying,

τοσαῦτα δὲ εἰπὼν ἀπῆλθεν οἱ δὲ ἱερεῖς προτείναντες τὰς χεῖρας εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἐπεκαλοῦντο τὸν διὰ παντὸς ὑπέρμαχον τοῦ ἔθνους ἡμῶν ταῦτα λέγοντες

35'O Lord of all, while You have need of nothing, You were pleased to have a temple for Your dwelling in our midst.

σὺ κύριε τῶν ὅλων ἀπροσδεὴς ὑπάρχων ηὐδόκησας ναὸν τῆς σῆς σκηνώσεως ἐν ἡμῖν γενέσθαι

36Now then, O Holy One, O Lord of all holiness, preserve forever undefiled this house so recently purified.'

καὶ νῦν ἅγιε παντὸς ἁγιασμοῦ κύριε διατήρησον εἰς αἰῶνα ἀμίαντον τόνδε τὸν προσφάτως κεκαθαρισμένον οἶκον

37Razis was one of the elders of Jerusalem and was denounced before Nicanor as a man who loved his fellow-citizens, a man held in high esteem and called a father of the Jews because of his goodwill.

Ραζις δέ τις τῶν ἀπὸ Ιεροσολύμων πρεσβυτέρων ἐμηνύθη τῷ Νικάνορι ἀνὴρ φιλοπολίτης καὶ σφόδρα καλῶς ἀκούων καὶ κατὰ τὴν εὔνοιαν πατὴρ τῶν Ιουδαίων προσαγορευόμενος

38For in past times when there was isolation from the Gentiles, he was brought to judgment for practicing the Jewish religion. But with all zeal he risked his life, body and soul, for his religion.

ἦν γὰρ ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν χρόνοις τῆς ἀμειξίας κρίσιν εἰσενηνεγμένος Ιουδαϊσμοῦ καὶ σῶμα καὶ ψυχὴν ὑπὲρ τοῦ Ιουδαϊσμοῦ παραβεβλημένος μετὰ πάσης ἐκτενίας

39Nicanor wished to make obvious his ill-will for the Jews. So he sent more than five hundred soldiers to arrest Razis,

βουλόμενος δὲ Νικάνωρ πρόδηλον ποιῆσαι ἣν εἶχεν πρὸς τοὺς Ιουδαίους δυσμένειαν ἀπέστειλεν στρατιώτας ὑπὲρ τοὺς πεντακοσίους συλλαβεῖν αὐτόν

40for he thought that by arresting him he would produce calamity among the Jews.

ἔδοξεν γὰρ ἐκεῖνον συλλαβὼν τούτοις ἐνεργάσασθαι συμφοράν

41Thus when the soldiers were about to capture the tower and were forcing open the door of the courtyard, they commanded that the doors be set on fire. When Razis was surrounded, he fell upon his own sword,

τῶν δὲ πληθῶν μελλόντων τὸν πύργον καταλαβέσθαι καὶ τὴν αὐλαίαν θύραν βιαζομένων καὶ κελευόντων πῦρ προσάγειν καὶ τὰς θύρας ὑφάπτειν περικατάλημπτος γενόμενος ὑπέθηκεν ἑαυτῷ τὸ ξίφος

42for he preferred to die bravely rather than fall into the hands of sinners and suffer outrages unworthy of his own noble birth.

εὐγενῶς θέλων ἀποθανεῖν ἤπερ τοῖς ἀλιτηρίοις ὑποχείριος γενέσθαι καὶ τῆς ἰδίας εὐγενείας ἀναξίως ὑβρισθῆναι

43However, in the tension of the confrontation, he did not fall with exactness on his sword. As the crowd rushed through the doors, he took courage and jumped up on the wall, bravely throwing himself down into the throng.

τῇ δὲ πληγῇ μὴ κατευθικτήσας διὰ τὴν τοῦ ἀγῶνος σπουδὴν καὶ τῶν ὄχλων ἔσω τῶν θυρωμάτων εἰσβαλλόντων ἀναδραμὼν γενναίως ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος κατεκρήμνισεν ἑαυτὸν ἀνδρωδῶς εἰς τοὺς ὄχλους

44But as people quickly stepped back, there was an open space, and he landed in the midst of the empty area.

τῶν δὲ ταχέως ἀναποδισάντων γενομένου διαστήματος ἦλθεν κατὰ μέσον τὸν κενεῶνα

45He was still alive. In a blaze of anger, he stood up; and though his blood gushed like a spring and his injuries were severe, he darted through the crowd. He climbed up on a steep rock,

ἔτι δὲ ἔμπνους ὑπάρχων καὶ πεπυρωμένος τοῖς θυμοῖς ἐξαναστὰς φερομένων κρουνηδὸν τῶν αἱμάτων καὶ δυσχερῶν τῶν τραυμάτων ὄντων δρόμῳ τοὺς ὄχλους διελθὼν καὶ στὰς ἐπί τινος πέτρας ἀπορρῶγος

46and with his blood completely drained out of him, he tore out his intestines, took them in both hands and threw them at the crowd as he called on the Lord of life and spirit to return them to him again. Such was the manner of his death.

παντελῶς ἔξαιμος ἤδη γινόμενος προβαλὼν τὰ ἔντερα καὶ λαβὼν ἑκατέραις ταῖς χερσὶν ἐνέσεισε τοῖς ὄχλοις καὶ ἐπικαλεσάμενος τὸν δεσπόζοντα τῆς ζωῆς καὶ τοῦ πνεύματος ταῦτα αὐτῷ πάλιν ἀποδοῦναι τόνδε τὸν τρόπον μετήλλαξεν