Clement of Alexandria

Abraham, elect, 445.

meaning of his name, 446.

Abstraction from material things, necessary to the knowledge of divine truth, 460.

Advent of Christ, precursors of, 519.

Agape, Christian, 238.

abuse of the term by heretics, 403.

Alexandria, centre of Christian culture, 165.

catechetical school of, 342.

Alms, how given and received, 578.

Amusements, good and bad, 289.

public (spectacles), forbidden, 290.

Anacharsis, forbids heathen mysteries, 177.

Angels, spiritual beings, 493.

ministry of, 517-518, 575.

inferior, given to Gentiles, 524.

guardian, 533.

Animals, clean and unclean, signification of, 556.

Apostles, how chosen, 514, 532.

marriage of, 541, 543.

Aristobulus, quoted, 487.

two of the name, 520.

Art, wisdom given by God, 304.

Arts, invented by Hebrews, 317.

Astronomy, mystery of, 501.

Baptism, of Christ, effect of, 215.

Christian, names and effects, 215-216.

illumination, 216.

with faith and repentance, 217.

for the remission of sins, 222, 361.

seal, 349, 462.

not to be repeated, 361.

sin after, 438, 443.

new birth in Christ, 439.

first of Christian mysteries, 461.

of the apostles, tradition of, 578.

Barnabas, St., an apostle, 354-355.

of the Seventy, 372, 567.

quoted, 355, 362, 366, 372, 459.

Basilides, heretic, errors of, 355, 358, 381, 423, 437, 440, 445.

Bath, behaviour in, 279.

right use of, 282.

Bean, prohibited by Pythagoras, 385, 402.

Beatitudes, true teaching of, 413, 441.

Beauty, true and false, 271.

“Because of the angels,” interpreted, 578.

Beetle, fable concerning, 449, 484.

Birth and death, law of, 584.

Blood, symbol of the Word, 221.

Body, Christian, temple of God, 584.

Bread, symbol of the Word, 221.

Britain, legend of musical cave, 487.

Bunsen, Baron, Hippolytus, 297, 443.

Callimachus, quoted, 578.

Candlestick, the golden, symbol of the Holy Spirit, 452, 477.

Carpocratians, their heresies and practice, 383, 403.

Cassiodorus, note on, 571.

Causes, defined and classified, 565-567.

Children, Christ’s name for his disciples, 212-213.

character and blessings, 214.

applied to those under the Law, 217.

nourished by the milk of the Word, 218.

Christian life, a system of reasonable actions, 235.

precepts of, in Scripture, 291-295.

Christians, sons of God, 195.

their unity, 197.

Chronology of Holy Scripture, 325-334, 346.

Church, Catholic, unity of, 555.

Jewish and Christian, one, 369.

earthly, image of heavenly, 421.

Clement of Alexandria, a reformer, 165.

pupil and successor of Pantænus, 166.

life and works, 167.

teacher of philosophic Christianity, 380.

his knowledge of Hebrew questioned, 439, 443, 446, 484.

Clement of Rome, St., an apostle, 428.

quoted, 308, 418, 428, 495.

Clothing, Christian use of, 263.

not to be dyed, 265.

of women, 266.

of the feet, 267.

becoming for Christians, 284.

Commandments, the two great, 599.

Concupiscence, forbidden by the law and by Christ, 394. (See Covetousness.)

Confession of Christ, public, 421.

promises to, 422.

true martyrdom, 422.

Continence, heretical opinions of, refuted, 381.

of Christians more excellent than of philosophers, 391.

in all things, not one only, 392.

Contrition, the only true penitence, 416.

Courage is not daring, 541.

Covetousness. (See Concupiscence.)

Creation, why not repeated, 584.

Crowns, floral, not used by Christians, 255.

Culture, Greek, useful to Christians, 307.

a divine gift, 308.

necessary for understanding Scripture, 310.

Customs, heathen, to be forsaken, 197-199.

debasing effects of, 200-201, 205-206.

overcome by divine truth, 201-202.

Death, Christian philosophy of, 411.

errors of Valentinus, concerning, 425.

Decalogue, interpreted, 511.

why ten commandments, 511.

omissions in interpretation of, 515, 522.

Deception, permitted by the sophists, 538.

modern casuistry on, 556.

Definitions of terms, necessary, 556, 561.

philosophical, nature, and classification, 562-563.

Degrees, in heaven, corresponding to order in the church, 505.

how attained, 505.

of knowledge, true Gnostic only perfect in, 507.

Democritus, on the idea of God, 465, 486.

Demonstration, defined, 559.

produces scientific belief, 559.

first principles indemonstrable, 559.

dilemma of suspense of judgment, 562.

Dialectics, a means to true wisdom, 340.

Disciplina arcani, true nature of, 343-344.

Dispensations, the seven, 476-477.

Doubt and assent, causes of, 564.

Dove, emblem of the Holy Spirit, 578.

Dress, heathen luxury in, forbidden to Christian women, 273.

to men, 275.

leads to licentiousness, 276.

Drinking, Christian principles of, 242.

abuses of, 244-245.

Eating, luxury in, heathen, 237.

Christian temperance in, 239-242.

Egyptian rites, 488.

Bishop Warburton on, 520.

women in, 521.

Elect, illustrated by Abraham, 445.

known by Christ, 533.

elect of elect, 601.

Electa, lady to whom St. John’s Second Epistle was written, 577.

Elijah, example of frugality, 281.

Emblems, Christian, in the Catacombs, 297.

Empedocles, quoted, 384-385, 403, 446, 464, 466.

Epiphanes, 382.

opinion on community of women, 403.

Esoteric doctrine, use of, 302, 313, 343. 345.

Eucharist, 242.

peculiar customs of, 300.

received according to reason, 310.

heretics celebrate with water, 322.

typified by Melchizedek, 439.

Euripides, quoted, 384-385, 403, 469.

Evil, not sought for itself, 319.

works for good, 330.

Exhortation, The, of Clement, object of, 167.

Eye, government of the, 291.

Faith, possible without learning, 307, 345.

not a natural quality, 349.

only means to the knowledge of God, 349.

taught by Scripture to Greek philosophy, 352.

leads to repentance, hope, benevolence, 353, 357.

faith, not opinion, foundation of knowledge, 359.

twofold, relating to memory and hope, 360.

voluntary, 360.

necessary to justification, 444.

foundation of knowledge, 445.

heretical views of, 445.

saving, manifested by works, 505.

Fathers, apostolical, quoted, 348, 355, 357, 360, 362, 366, 422, 428, 460, 495-496, 510.

Fear of God, necessary, 354.

Figurative teaching of Scripture and philosophy, 450.

Filthy speaking and acts, reproved, 250.

Free-will, the original of sin, 319, 362-363.

necessary to faith and repentance, 349.

condition of judgment, 353.

proofs of, 424, 426, 437, 502, 524.

power of choosing salvation, 441.

error of Basilides, 444.

illustrated by Plato, 483.

source of obedience, 519, 527-528.

and of faith, 525, 527-528.

choice of virtue, 525.

Friendship, how threefold, 369.

Frugality, a mark of Christian living, 280.

examples of, 281.

Geometry, mystery of, 499-501.

Gnosis, true wisdom, revealed by God, 494.

Gnostic, true (Christian), as defined by Clement, 342.

his contempt for pain and poverty, 412.

divine contemplation, 414.

object of life, 418.

trained by Christian knowledge, 433, 438.

perfected by martyrdom, 433.

seeks good for itself, 434-437.

and knowledge, 495.

philosophic testimony to, 436.

how regards earthly things, 439.

an imitator of God, 440.

freed from passion and perturbation, 496.

uses all knowledge, 498.

conjectures things future, 501, 521.

alone attains perfection, 502.

represses sensual desire, 503.

worshipper of God, 523.

attains likeness to Christ, 526.

knowledge, 527.

content, self-control, 528.

his faith and trust, 536.

help to others, 536.

prayer and alms, 537. 545.

takes no oath, 537.

teaches by example, 538.

made perfect in knowledge, 539.

final reward, 539.

full character of, 540, 558.

lover of God and man, 542.

his self-restraint in lawful things, 543.

fasting, 544.

charity, 545.

continual devotion, 546.

long-suffering and forgiveness, 548.

Gnostics, false, tendency of, 380.

despisers of the body, 412.

God, known by science only as manifested in Christ, 438.

incomprehensible by human mind, 463.

knowledge of, a divine gift, 464.

this shown by philosophers, 464-465.

how far revealed to the heathen, 474-475.

eternal, 476.

knowledge of, in Greek philosophy, 489.

Gods of the heathen, their wickedness, 179-182.

cruelty of their worship, 183.

their temples, tombs, 184.

Goodness, divine, not inconsistent with justice, 225-227.

Grafting, illustrative of conversion, 507.

Greek, language of Christianity, 166.

type of early Christianity, 379.

poetry quoted, 469-474.

Gymnosophists of India, answers of, 488.

Hades, Christ preached to Jews in, and apostles to Gentiles, 490.

repentance in, 491.

Hair, may be trimmed, but not dyed, 286.

Hebrew names, meaning of, 439, 443, 446, 476.

Hebrews, Epistle to, translated by St. Luke, 579.

why not subscribed by St. Paul, 442, 579.

Heraclitus, quoted, 384-385, 403, 446.

Heresies, no argument against Christian belief, 550.

tested by Scripture, 551.

founded on opinion, 554.

new inventions, 556.

authors of, 556.

Heretics, their pretexts for licentiousness, 385.

claim all carnal things as lawful, 388.

condemn marriage, 389, 394.

character of, 555.

first heretics post-apostolic, 555-556.

St. John’s course regarding, 577.

Hermas, Shepherd of, quoted, 348, 357, 360, 422, 510.

Herodotus, quoted, 384-385, 403.

Homer, quoted, 384-385, 403, 469.

Hope, Christian, witnessed to by philosophers, 447.

Household life, habits of, 251.

Hymns, to Christ, 295.

to the Pœdagogus, 296.

evening, of Greek Christians, 298.

Idols, to be rejected, 519.

Images, heathen, shameful, 184-188.

Incarnation of Christ, benefits of, 202-204, 601.

Instruction, Christian, meaning of, 223.

heathen, folly of, 223.

given through the Law by the Word, 224, 234.

power of Christ’s, 225.

effects in Christians, 235.

Iota and tittle, meaning of, 578.

Irreverence, reproof of, 585.

Isaac, type of Christian joy, 214.

James, St. the Great, 579.

tradition of his martyrdom, 579.

the Just, Bishop of Jerusalem, 579.

Jarvis, Dr. S. F., Church of the Redeemed, 477.

John, St., tradition of, 574.

his Second Epistle interpreted, 577.

origin of his Gospel, 580.

St. John and the robber, story of, 603-604.

John Baptist, St., voice of the Word, 174.

Jubilee, year of, 438, 443.

Jude, St., his relationship to our Lord, 573.

Kaye, Bishop, analysis of St. Clement’s Miscellanies, 342.

Kiss of charity, abuse of, 291.

Knowledge, true, defined, 349-350, 364.

foundation in faith, 445.

by the senses, 445.

twofold, by apprehension and reason, 480.

of God, in Greek philosophy, 489.

degrees of, 507.

love of, 508.

true, in Christ only, 508.

philosophy and heresies, aids to, 509.

Laughter, abuse of, 249.

Law, penalty of, beneficent, 339.

natural and revealed, one, and divine, 341.

divine, teacher of philosophy, 367.

Lord’s day, illustrated by Greek authors, 469.

day of Christ’s resurrection, 545.

Love, Christian, how fulfils the law, 414.

extent of, 426, 430.

represses sensual passion, 430.

of man, rewards of, 601-602.

Luxury, household, forbidden to Christians, 247.

in dress and person, 272-277.

in servants, 278.

hindrance to charity, 279.

Maiden, the model, described by Zeno, 289.

Man, pre-existent in the Divine Mind, 210.

object of God’s love, 210.

spiritual excellence of, 410.

Manliness, true Christian, 365.

Marcion, heretic, 384-385, 403, 445.

Mark, St., disciple of St. Peter, 561.

origin of his Gospel, 579.

Marriage, lawful use of, 259-263.

nature, conditions, and duty of, 377.

single commended, second permitted, 382, 403.

heretical perversions of Scripture regarding, 395, 398.

errors of Cassian refuted, 399.

its purity taught in Holy Scripture, 400, 403.

depravation of it a reproach to the Creator, 400, 403.

two heretical views of marriage to be shunned, 401.

true philosophy of, 402, 403-407.

of apostles, 533.

honourable in all, 533.

Martha of Bethany, Christ’s rebuke of, 594.

Martyrdom, why to be desired, 411, 423.

spiritual, 412.

heathen, falsely so named, 412.

not needless death, 412, 423.

blessedness of, 416.

philosophy testifies to, 418-419.

sex and condition of martyrs, 420.

errors of Basilides on, 423-424.

testimony of Scripture, 427.

of St. Clement of Rome, 428.

Menander, witness to Scripture, 446.

Milk, symbol of spiritual nourishment, 218-222.

Ministry, how chosen, 504.

orders of, 505.

commissioned by Christ,.

Miracles of Christ, mystery of, 501.

Mixed cup in the Eucharist, 242.

Mosaic Law, a preparation for Christ, 339.

fourfold character of, 340.

Moses, history of, 335.

lawgiver and general, 336-338.

tradition of his burial, 511.

assumption of, 573.

slaying the Egyptian, 585.

Music, sanctified to God, 248.

instrumental, not Christian, 249.

mystery of, 499.

Mustard seed, parable of, interpreted, 578.

Mysteries, Christian, why celebrated by night, 435.

Eleusinian, vileness of, 175-177.

Mythology, heathen, absurd and impious, 175-177, 520.

its origin, 179-180, 530.

Names, conceptions and subjects (philosophical) classified, 564.

Neighbour, who is our, 599.

New creation in Christ, meaning of, 594.

Nicetas, commentary on Job, quoted, 577.

Nicolas, deacon, name and teaching abused by Nicolaitans, 385.

Numbers, mystery of, 499, 521.

symbols of, in the Decalogue, 512-514.

Occupations of Christians, 282.

Offences to be avoided, 426.

Ointments, abuse of, 253.

Ornaments, unsuited to Christians, 267-270.

Pœdagogus, The, of Clement, object and contents of, 167.

Pantænus, teacher at Alexandria, 165-167, 343.

Parables of our Lord, mystery of, 501-502.

interpreted,—of the Labourers, 415.

Mustard Seed, 578.

Pearl, 578.

Good Samaritan, 599.

Prodigal Son, sermon on, 581-589.

Passover (last) of our Lord, date of, 565.

Paul, St., late witness of Old-Testament truth, 434, 442.

Pearl, parable of, interpreted, 578.

Perfection, distinct from completeness, 459, 478.

possible to human nature, 502.

attained by the true Gnostic alone, 502.

Peripatetic philosophy, 191.

Persecution, how understood, 598.

Peter, St., tradition of his wife’s martyrdom, 541.

Philo Judæus, his interpretation of Scripture history, 306.

Philolaus, quoted, 382, 403.

Philosophers, heathen, opinions of, respecting God, 190.

taught truth by the Scriptures, 191-192.

opinions on the chief good, 374.

Christian, self-restraint of, 370.

Philosophy, use of, in Christian teaching, 303.

Greek, a preparation for Christ, 305, 321-323, 347-348.

what is true philosophy, 308, 311.

sects of, contain half-truths, 313.

successive schools of, 313.

Greek, foreign sources of, 314-317.

posterior to the Mosaic Law, 324-333, 341.

true philosophy seeks God, 358-359, 369.

taught by divine law in piety, charity, justice, purity, 367.

taught highest good by Scripture, 375

and other things by the same, 465, 478.

object of true philosophy, 493.

character and origin, 493.

gift of God to Jew and Greek, 495, 517, 521.

cannot give perfect knowledge of God, 515.

but a preparation for such knowledge, 516.

Greek, a recreation to the Gnostic, 517.

necessary to knowledge, 518.

its objective truth, 556.

Pictures, heathen, their licentiousness, 189.

Pindar, quoted, 382, 403.

Plagiarism, of Greek poets from each other, 481-483.

of philosophers and historians, 484-486.

of Greeks from Hebrew Scriptures, 486-488.

of philosophers, from Egypt and India, 488.

Plato, on language of animals, 333.

an imitator of Moses, 338.

falsely quoted by heretics, on community of women, and depravation of the natural creation, 382, 403.

on hope, 404.

on future rewards, 416, 436, 442.

city of, in heaven, 441, 443.

witness to Scripture, 446, 470, 479.

on spiritual knowledge, 448.

a divine gift, 464.

idea of God, 465.

philosophic teaching from Scripture, 466, 469.

illustrating the Trinity, 468.

the Lord’s day, 469.

the Messiah, 470, 479.

free-will, 475.

Poets, heathen, testimony to the truth, 193.

Prayer, subject of, 533.

gestures, 534.

canonical hours, 534.

false Gnostic, ideas of, 534.

silent, 535.

why towards the East, 535.

of the wicked, 535.

of the true.

Gnostic, 535.

Prayer of St. Clement to the Pœdagogus, 295.

Predestination, ground of, 497, 524.

Priesthood of Christians, 572.

Prophets, the, teachers of the truth, 194-195.

teach by parables and enigmas, 510, 522.

Providence, special, to be believed, 312.

Punishment, a mark of God’s love, 226.

a means of salvation, 228-230.

leads to repentance, 232-233.

divine, object of, 437, 442.

Purity, law of, 259, 317, 348, 433.

Pythagoreans, falsely quoted against marriage, 385, 403.

sayings of Theano, 417, 431, 441-442.

on the idea of God, 465.

Regeneration of Christians by the Word, 357.

Religion in common life, 290.

Repentance, first and second, 361.

voluntary, 361.

what is true, 602.

Riches, true Christian, 279, 596, 600.

not to be thrown away, 594.

when profitless, 595.

want of, not salvation, 597.

how forsaken for Christ, 598.

Righteousness, true, 504.

impresses a likeness to God, 504.

in what sense attained through philosophy, 305, 323, 345-346.

Rings, for the ears, forbidden, 285.

for the hands, how allowed, 285.

signet, designs, 285.

Ruler, the young, character of, 594.

Sabbath, Jewish, right keeping of, 302.

Sacrifices, heathen, cruelty of, 183.

needless, 532.

sacrifices of prayer and praise, 532.

of the Law, 532.

Salome, apocryphal sayings of Christ to, 392.

Salvation before Christ, 428.

one to Jew and Gentile, 490.

Samaritan, good, signifies Christ, 599.

Scripture, holy, chronology of, 325-334.

threefold interpretation of, 341.

why veiled in parables, 509.

test of doctrinal truth, 550.

Segaar, Charles, annotator of St. Clement, 605.

Self-restraint of Christian philosophers, 370.

Septuagint, date and origin of, 334.

Servants, how kept by heathen, 278.

Servants, how treated by Christians, 288.

Sex, no distinction of, in instruction, 211.

Christian relations of, 419.

Sibyl, the, testimony to the truth, 192, 194, 346.

quoted, 384-385, 403.

Similitudes in instruction, use of, 281.

Sin, voluntary and involuntary, 361.

power to repent of, 361.

not to be predicated of the divine nature, 363.

Sleep, Christian use of, 257.

Socrates, on future rewards, 436, 442.

Sodomites, sin and punishment of, 282.

Son of God, Saviour and Lord of all, 524.

order of His government, 525.

not author of evil, 526.

Sophists, foolishness of, 304, 309.

Sophocles, witness to Scripture, 446.

Speech, subordinate to action, 310.

Spirits in prison, preached to, 490.

Stationary days, fasts of, 544.

Stromata, The, of Clement, object and character of, 168.

meaning of term, 408.

Symbols, Pythagorean, in philosophic proverbs, 450.

Egyptian, 454.

of philosophical language, 455.

of the Mosaic Law, 456.

reasons for, 457.

apostolic opinion of, 459.

Jewish, do not sanction image worship, 453, 477.

Tabernacle and its furniture, symbolic meaning of, 452.

Tatian on marriage, errors of, 396, 403-407.

Teachers of St. Clement, 301-302.

Teaching, right motives in, 300.

Temperance, in living, 251.

in conversation, 252.

Temple furniture, symbolism of, 585.

Temples, in what sense holy, 530.

heathen, tombs, 184.

Theano the Pythagorean, sayings of, 417, 431, 441-442.

Theognis, quoted, 382, 403.

Timothy, Epistle to, rejected by certain heretics, 359.

Tithes and firstfruits, maintenance of priests under the Law, 363.

Tradition of doctrine from the apostles, 301, 343.

unwritten, 494.

Trinity, doctrine of, illustrated by Plato, 468.

Truth, divine, contrasted with heathen fable, 171.

its power over men, 172.

spiritual nature of, 464.

attained through faith, as the gift of God, 519.

given to all, 522.

object of true philosophy, 556.

Unbelief, sin and danger of, 195-197.

Unity of Jew and Greek in Christ, 504.

“Unknown God,” Athenian inscription to, 464, 478.

Valentinus, heretic, errors of, 355, 359, 425, 445.

Vestments of the high priest, symbolism of, 453.

Wife, character of a good, 432.

Wine, how used by Christians, 243.

how abused to drunkenness, 244.

Christ’s example in, 246.

Wisdom, object of true philosophy, 492.

manifold, 518.

Witnesses, three earthly, interpreted, 576.

Women, right adorning of, 287.

chaste habits in, 288.

behaviour at church, 290.

examples of perfection in, 431.

Word, the, pre-existent, incarnate, teacher, 173.

restorer and guide of man, 209.

healer of the soul, 210.

symbolized by milk, 219, by bread and by blood, 221.

eternal and uncreate, 573.

Worship, true nature of, 532.

Xanthus, quoted, 383, 403.

Xenocrates, on the idea of God, 465, 486.

Zeno, description of a model maiden, 289.

Zephaniah (apocryphal), vision of heaven, 462.